Medical Research
General Autoimmune Encephalitis
General articles regarding Autoimmune Encephalitis (Encephalopathy). AE is a rare disease that can be progressive or relapse-remitting. Your own body’s immune system is attacking your brain, causing inflammation of the brain.
Highly Recommended
Articles highly recommended in the field of Autoimmune Encephalitis.
Research Written in Plain Language
IAES is proud to be in collaboration with Dr. Monif and her team with the Australian Autoimmune Encephalitis Consortium Project as we work closely with them to best support AE patients, caregivers, and their families. Authors on the team provide easy-to-read and understandable summaries of the research they publish.
Diagnosis & Treatment
Current diagnostic and treatment strategies concerning Autoimmune Encephalitis.
Anti-NMDAr
Also known as “NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis”, anti-NMDAr is a potentially lethal form of brain inflammation which also has a high probability of recovery with treatment.
Other Types of AE Including Seronegative
There are multiple types of antibodies in Autoimmune Encephalitis. They have different clinical presentations and syndromes and thus, have different responses to treatment. This section covers the other types of AE that do not have their own section.
Hashimoto’s Encephalitis (SREAT)
HE is usually defined by the presence of high levels of thyroid antibodies in the blood. HE has been reported in all age groups but typically affects females around the age of 50 years.
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)
Anti-GAD antibody-associated LE is a rare inflammatory brain disease characterized by subacute memory loss, psychiatric symptoms, seizures, and sometimes signal abnormalities involving the mesial temporal lobes and other areas of the limbic system.
Limbic Encephalitis
LGI1 & CASPR2
NMOSD
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is a rare relapsing autoimmune disorder that preferentially causes inflammation in the optic nerve and spinal cord.
Children
The repertoire of autoimmune encephalitis in children is different from that of adults. The younger the child the more difficult it is to recognize specific autoimmune encephalitis syndromes.
Epilepsy
Although seizures are frequent in all types of autoimmune encephalitis, the risk for chronic epilepsy is dependent on the antigen: lower if located on the cell-surface, and higher if intracellular.
Prognosis/Outcome
Most severe anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients will eventually achieve good long-term prognoses after receiving early, positive and unremitting combined immunotherapy and life support.
Psychiatry/Psychiatric Presentations
These reviews focus on the nature of psychiatric symptoms occurring at the onset or during the course of Autoimmune Encephalitis.
