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General Autoimmune Encephalitis

General articles regarding Autoimmune Encephalitis (Encephalopathy). AE is a rare disease that can be progressive or relapse-remitting. Your own body’s immune system is attacking your brain, causing inflammation of the brain. 

Highly Recommended

Articles highly recommended in the field of Autoimmune Encephalitis.

Research Written in Plain Language

 IAES is proud to be in collaboration with Dr. Monif and her team with the Australian Autoimmune Encephalitis Consortium Project as we work closely with them to best support AE patients, caregivers, and their families. Authors on the team provide easy-to-read and understandable summaries of the research they publish.

Diagnosis & Treatment

Current diagnostic and treatment strategies concerning Autoimmune Encephalitis.

Anti-NMDAr

Also known as “NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis”, anti-NMDAr is a potentially lethal form of brain inflammation which also has a high probability of recovery with treatment.

Other Types of AE Including Seronegative

There are multiple types of antibodies in Autoimmune Encephalitis.  They have different clinical presentations and syndromes and thus, have different responses to treatment. This section covers the other types of AE that do not have their own section. 

Hashimoto’s Encephalitis (SREAT)

HE is usually defined by the presence of high levels of thyroid antibodies in the blood. HE has been reported in all age groups but typically affects females around the age of 50 years.

Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)

Anti-GAD antibody-associated LE is a rare inflammatory brain disease characterized by subacute memory loss, psychiatric symptoms, seizures, and sometimes signal abnormalities involving the mesial temporal lobes and other areas of the limbic system.

Limbic Encephalitis

LGI1 & CASPR2

NMOSD

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is a rare relapsing autoimmune disorder that preferentially causes inflammation in the optic nerve and spinal cord.

Children

The repertoire of autoimmune encephalitis in children is different from that of adults. The younger the child the more difficult it is to recognize specific autoimmune encephalitis syndromes.

Epilepsy

Although seizures are frequent in all types of autoimmune encephalitis, the risk for chronic epilepsy is dependent on the antigen: lower if located on the cell-surface, and higher if intracellular.

Prognosis/Outcome

Most severe anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients will eventually achieve good long-term prognoses after receiving early, positive and unremitting combined immunotherapy and life support.

Psychiatry/Psychiatric Presentations

These reviews focus on the nature of psychiatric symptoms occurring at the onset or during the course of Autoimmune Encephalitis.


Our website is not a substitute for independent professional medical advice. Nothing contained on our website is intended to be used as medical advice. No content is intended to be used to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease, nor should it be used for therapeutic purposes or as a substitute for your own health professional's advice. Although THE INTERNATIONAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALITIS SOCIETY  provides a great deal of information about AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALITIS, all content is provided for informational purposes only. The International Autoimmune Encephalitis Society  cannot provide medical advice.


International Autoimmune Encephalitis Society is a charitable non-profit 501(c)(3) organization founded in 2016 by Tabitha Andrews Orth, Gene Desotell and Anji Hogan-Fesler. Tax ID# 81-3752344. Donations raised directly supports research, patients, families and caregivers impacted by autoimmune encephalitis and to educating healthcare communities around the world. Financial statement will be made available upon request.

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